Examination Of The Organization Of Islamic Conference Politics Essay

Examination Of The Organization Of Islamic Conference Politics Essay The main purpose of these paper is to analyze the performance of the Organization of Islamic conference and find the way forward for the problems existing within the organization . In these paper I would take the prospect of being in charge of the organization of Islamic conference. These means that i will presuppose the position of the secretary general of the organization of Islamic conference ( OIC). While taking that imaginary post , ill be briefly discussing on the origins of the international relations, what were the main reasons for its establishment . In addition, ill be engaging in an in-depth analysis of its achievements , drawbacks . Subsequently, ill develop an practical and implementable solution on three major important arenas The International politics and diplomacy, the educational arena and economical and financials spheres. Introduction: Islamic Thought on International Relation. Its undeniably true that the concepts of politics, diplomacy and international relation realms can be traced back to the ancient Islamic history. Its clearly evident such phenomenon existed during the prophets (p.b.u.h) reign when he had treaties with the Jews, Christians from Najran  [1]  and Aqabah  [2]  , these continued to the times of the four rightly guided caliphates to Umayyad dynasty to Fatimid Dynasty and so on. Also these was under the Islamic concept and umbrella of ummah, which means the community of believers that consists of all Muslim nations and races. The fall of the Ottoman Islamic empire and other many different dynasties across the globe, paved a way to the adoption of the European and western ideology of the state system. Nationalism became the frontier which defined a nation rather than their religious affiliations. The belief and principle of the Islamic ummah was gradually vanishing from the Islamic Nations. Its irrefutable that this was orchestrated by the west for the primary purpose of stopping the dominance of Islam as religion. So by introducing these new concept of state system, it will divide the Islamic ummah into different countries and their citizens would pledge their allegiance to the state rather than the Islamic Ummah. These caused tensions, divides, competitions amongst Muslim nations hence resulting into current unfortunate situation. On the occasion of rising of the modern state system, many Muslim scholars argued back and forth on whether the concept of a nation come to blows with the universality and the unity of Islamic ummah. Many have provided evidence in support of the assertion they can co-exist while many have refuted and give a counter arguments on that case. Muslim thinkers, such as Allama Muhammad Iqbal argued on the basis that Islam provides with the model for human unity and so long as the Muslims believe in the oneness of Allah (Tawheed) ; then, nationalism can co-exist with the principle of Islamic Ummah. Origin of the Organization of Islamic Conference ( OIC). With the modern world order resulting to a rapid rise and continual impact of the western political and economic dominance throughout the muslim nations, some of the muslim thinkers and scholars developed the theory of Pan-Islamism.  [3]  These started from early nineteenth century with scholars such as Mohamed Abdou, Jamaldin Al-Afghani and similar like them. Many attempts of instituting an International islamic body failed miserably. However, it came to fruition in the 1960s and this was through the tenacious adherence and firm believe by the different muslim leaders in that era in having a united front of Muslims. Despite the difference and the existence of the fundamentalists, socialists , nationalists and secularists in the muslim states this was finally achieved. The establishment of the organization of Islamic conference came shortly after the historic event of the Arab-Israel conflict of 1967. Israel as a very small nation was able to crush bigger Islamic and Arab nation such as Jordan, Syria and Egypt. These sent shockwaves through the entire muslim world. The Israelis were able to occupy and take over the third holiest site of Islam, masjid al-aqsa. Afterward this was followed by the criminal and despicable event of blazing down some part of the holy mosque on 21st August 1969. Immediately the muslim leaders called for a quick historical summit which took place in Rabat, Morocco on the 25th September 1969. Ever since the formation of the OIC, it became the second largest inter-governmental organization after the United Nation with fifty seven member states around the world. These was true success and the organization became the voice of the muslim through the world and it ensured to uphold and protect the interest of Islam and the muslims in the firm believe and spirit of promoting peace, harmony and unity among the various diverse people in the world. In March of 1970, the first Islamic conference of foreign ministers was held in Jeddah and through this meeting Jeddah was selected as the headquarters of OIC, pending the liberation of Jerusalem which would be the permanent headquarters of OIC. As well, the role of permanent general secretariat was set up which the main is to ensure an effective cooperation among member state and to co-ordinate their actions. Two years later, the Islamic conference of foreign ministers meeting for the third session adopted the charter of the institute whose main aim was to strengthen the cooperation, smooth cohesion and solidarity amongst the member states in the political, economical, scientific, social and cultural grounds. Objectives of Organization of Islamic Conference ( OIC) Under the Charter, the organization of Islamic conference aims to achieve the following ; Strengthen the Islamic solidarity among member states. Coordinate action to safeguard the holy site of Islam. Strengthen cooperation amongst member states in the political, economic, scientific, social and cultural fields. Strengthen the struggle of all muslim people to safeguard their dignity, independence and national rights. Coordinate action to support the struggle of the Palestinian people and assisting them in recovering their rights and liberating their occupied territories. Work to eliminate racial discrimination and all forms of colonialism. Work to create a favourable atmosphere for the cooperation and understanding between member states and other countries, parties, and organizations. The charters also spells out some fundamental principles which governs the activities of OIC. To name a few are the full equality amongst member states, the non interference with the internal affairs of member states, the observation of independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of each state. And also a major Islamic principle that exists and is clearly stipulated in the OIC charter is the settlement of any dispute that might arise between the member states by peaceful means such as negotiations, mediation, conciliation and arbitration. This mentioned in the holy Quran in surratul hujjarat [49:7-10] But Allah has endeared the faith to you and has made it seemly in your hearts, and He has made hateful to you unbelief and transgression and disobedience; these it is that are the followers of a right way. By grace from Allah and as a favor; and Allah is Knowing, Wise. And if two parties of the believers quarrel, make peace between them; but if one of them acts wrongfully towards the other, fight that which acts wrongfully until it returns to Allahs command; then if it returns, make peace between them with justice and act equitably; surely Allah loves those who act equitably. The believers are but brethren, therefore make peace between your brethren and be careful of (your duty to) Allah that mercy may be had on you. (49:7-10) Structure and Organs of the Organization of Islamic Conference The organization consists of the followings. The Islamic Summit This the highest decision and policy making organ, its attended by the heads of states of governments and usually they met every three years. The Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers During the three year interval between the summits, these organ members meet to watch over the implementation of decisions taken by the head of states. The Permanent Secretariat These is the executive organ of the OIC which is delegated to handle the day to day activities of the organization. Standing committees. In furtherance of coordinating and boosting the organizations action and bring into line to its view points and stands, the organization has created different standing committees which are chaired by the heads of states. i.e Al-quds Committee, Islamic committee for economic, cultural and social affairs etc. Subsidiary Organs These include the statistical, economic and social research and training center for Islamic countries etc. Specialized Institutions. These includes the Islamic development bank (IDB) , Islamic states broadcasting organization (ISBO) etc Affiliated Institutions These includes the Islamic chamber of commerce and industry (ICCI), Islamic committee of the international crescent (ICIC). C ) The Achievements and Drawbacks of Organization of Islamic Conference One of the major strengths of the OIC is the institutional architecture and the charter itself. With that being a strength OIC was able to achieve a lot of success despite their dormancy in the last fifteen years. With the new general secretary Professor Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu of Turkey who came in by a voting system. Some of the recent achievements done by organizational Islamic conference is initiating the goldstone report which in turn lead to the international condemnation of the Israel government assault on Gaza .Politics is about perception and the organization of Islamic conference must be credited for putting forth the truth of the matter in Palestine and thus wiping off the perception of Israel the occupier as being innocent. A second major achievements was initiation of the Islamic conference humanitarian affairs department in 2008. During the tsunami disaster they extended help to more than 10,000 orphans. And even before the inception of this department some of the philanthropic work they did can be traced by during the end of Balkan war. Many muslim Bosnians were uprooted from their country of birth and were homeless. The OIC setup a fund named the fund for return of the Bosnians refugees which was located in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Also in june of 2007 it jointly organized with the state of Qatar an international donors conference for the republic of Niger to help and beef up the food shortages suffered by the muslim in that state. Also they engaged extensively in other poverty alleviation programs in countries such as Somalia. Despite these achievements, the organization of Islamic conference has had a lot of drawbacks and short comings since its inception. A major weakness is the running of the organization with a short-string budget that comes from mandatory payments from some of the member states. The budget isnt enough for the scope of activities which is to be done and its numerous committees. These is majorly caused by the poor state of the majority of the OIC members states whereby almost half of them are ranked the in lower position in the GDP  [4]  per capita and GNP  [5]  per capita indexes. The lack of enough fund has crippled the OIC in terms of helping to develop the educational standards amongst its member states, the funding of research and developments programs. Early, I mentioned that the institutional architecture as being impressive and as a major strength but I have to point out that still there is insufficiency in it. A main point is the lack of any kind of representative form of leadership and this one echoes the deficit of democracy in the muslim states. A disappointing record mainly characterized by infighting, power struggles and failure to articulate a clear and consistent policies. Further another core problem came from the highest decision making organ named the conference of kings and heads of state. In every summit their work was opaque to the public scrutiny. Furthermore, not until recently the organization had a little contact or cooperation with other nongovernmental or inter-governmental organization in the world such as the united nation. Organization of Islamic Conference has failed miserably on their initial objective of coordinating actions to safeguard the holy site of muslims and Islam. Also one of the founding directives they failed is in the strengthening the struggle of all muslim people to safeguard their dignity, independence and national rights despite it being This hasnt been the case with Afghanistan, Iraq and mostly Palestine. Verbal condemnation is not enough but a rather action is required on these cases. The concerns has been reiterated and the main objectives have been reaffirmed countless times at different meeting forums but the organization has achieved little in the way of material change. Practical and Implementable solutions to the advancement of OIC. If you want to achieve and reach at a desired goal and you havent done it after some period of time has elapsed. Then first you need urgently to revise yourself, your actions, study your surroundings, admit any flaws and mistakes, highlight the drawbacks. Only then you can find solutions as to what has made you deviate from your path of reaching your desired goals. With these done you can formulate a better strategy to attain the new desired targets. Same is the case with the organization of Islamic conference, if I was in charge I would do similar steps in finding the solutions to the current existing problems and then i can achieve the envisioned better future. In these part of the paper, I would be discussing on the possible solution on three dimension, the educational, economical and the political arenas. Firstly, the economical arena is a major issue for the OIC member states. Almost half of the member states in OIC are performing badly in all indicators of economy. There are several propositions that can be done for the member state in order to shoot up their economy. Financial sectors, tourism sector, increasing multilateral trades, and allowing foreign direct investments. To start with the tourism sector, the diversity around them and their rich geographical and cultural heritage makes them bear up a remarkable tourism potential. Planning and organizing these sector will play a very considerable role in advancing the socio-economic development in these states. The challenges such as lack of technical know-how, poor promotional activities, lack of investment in the tourism sector in terms safety and diversification would be tackled by two way which are at a national level and organization level. At the national level sustainable tourism development should be included in their framework, while at the organization level joint programs and data networks should be established to reveal the opportunities and be made available for the member states. Another aspect of the economical arena is the financial and investment sector, as the general secretary I would encourage and initiate the establishment of Islamic an Islamic security exchange to be located in Istanbul, Turkey. This would help in intensifying the cooperation of their stock exchanges and also partly encourage foreign direct investments. Furthermore, this will create a common market for introducing and trading Islamic financial instruments and also increasing the participation of muslim countries in the international markets. Hence this will in turn increase the multinational trade amongst the member states. The direct impact of this will be the boost up in the gross domestic product of the countries invested in and the gross national product of the investor country. Secondly, its noticeable in the educational arena of the OIC members state thats their exists a very wide gap on the literacy level in the OIC member states compared to the other developed nation. They are lagging behind in terms of curriculum setup, the research and development, innovation and technology advancement. These can be related to the economical aspects but at the same time these countries are rich in resources and energy. And as earlier discussed, developing the tourism sector, increasing the multinational trade, and boosting of the economy would generate a great revenue for the member states. This can be channeled to the education sector especially to increase the number of institutions of higher learning whilst improving and reforming centers in preventing brain drains and also revising the curricula in all levels. In addition, encouraging the states to fund the research and development opportunities at the institutions of higher learning, muslim researchers and technicians should be employed. This will increase the chances of scientific breakthroughs from the muslim world through journals articles and high technological exports and imports. Additionally, there will be a review for all affiliated universities with the OIC. Lastly, the international politics and diplomacy strategies will be reviewed in order to match with the current politics. Developing a regional security that protects the interest of muslim nations is a must in the current times. Events of striking Gaza, Iraq, and Afghanistan has occurred in front of the Muslim eyes and yet nothing concerete has been done. Power matches power and as much as we want freedom, security should come along with. Finally binding all the muslim leaders and kings into one platform of accepting unity through diversity should be established. This would help in getting rid of sectarian divides and divides in ideologies.

Feasibility Study Essay

2.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY The feasibility of the project is analyzed in this phase and business proposal is put forth with a very general plan for the project and some cost estimates. During system analysis the feasibility study of the proposed system is to be carried out. This is to ensure that the proposed system is not a burden to the company. For feasibility analysis, some understanding of the major requirements for the system is essential. Three key considerations involved in the feasibility analysis are ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY SOCIAL FEASIBILITY ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY This study is carried out to check the economic impact that the system will have on the organization. The amount of fund that the company can pour into the research and development of the system is limited. The expenditures must be justified. Thus the developed system as well within the budget and this was achieved because most of the technologies used are freely available. Only the customized products had to be purchased. TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY This study is carried out to check the technical feasibility, that is, the technical requirements of the system. Any system developed must not have a high demand on the available technical resources. This will lead to high demands on the available technical resources. This will lead to high demands being placed on the client. The developed system must have a modest requirement, as only minimal or null changes are required for implementing this system. SOCIAL FEASIBILITY The aspect of study is to check the level of acceptance of the system by the user. This includes the process of training the user to use the system efficiently. The user must not feel threatened by the system, instead must accept it as a necessity. The level of acceptance by the users solely depends on the methods that are employed to educate the user about the system and to make him familiar with it. His level of confidence must be raised so that he is also able to make some constructive criticism, which is welcomed, as he is the final user of the system.

The Lesson: Issues on Financial Stability of Families

In this research proposal I will address issues on financial stability of families, economy and education. â€Å"The Lessonaâ‚ ¬? reflects the attitudes and education of children in the lower working class. A point was made in the story that brought up old emotions. On page 474 a student states, † Imagine for a minute what kind of society it is in which some people can spend on a toy what it would cost to feed a family of six or sevenaâ‚ ¬?. † That's not much of a democracy if you ask me. Equal chance to pursue happiness means an equal opportunity at the doughaâ‚ ¬?. Our society would much rather spend money on building prisons and shopping malls than on better school and homes. No child should have to go with less than livable housing, or be deprived from a decent education. I was told all of my life that the standards in the wealthier schools (where mostly whites went) were better than the schools in the lower parts of the city (where most blacks went). The sad fact was that it is true. I attended both schools. It made me think, why is the high achievers/summit classes at the poorer school if the other school gets the most money. The only thing that is funded in the poorer schools was the athletic department. We all deserve the same opportunities as our peers no matter what the financial situation may be. I also came to learn in the (black schools) the work was easier and the athletes were given grades. Mostly drug dealers, and dropouts hung around the school. At the predominantly white school they had police and security, but the black school had teachers and coaches as hall monitors. In an overview of educational statistics black and Hispanic children were at the bottom. If we are receiving the same education then why is there such a difference in knowledge? Politicians constantly speak about equality, but they not making a difference? We all deserve the same chance at life rather than being mock and talked about as children as never going to be anything, and we will be in jail by the time we are 16 at least twice.

The Civil Rights Movement Martin Luther King Jr. Essay

A civil rights leader by the name of Reverend (PBS, 2016) Martin Luther King Jr. changed the world he occupied and changed the future course of the United States of America by advocating for desegregation. Martin Luther King Junior was on a mission to end the segregation of the African American community. Segregation was the post result of slavery throughout the United States of America which enslaved Africans. He challenged the status quo of the time. Protesting peacefully and advocating for social change is what he proposed. The United States and the south in particular had feelings of prejudice, racism and hatred towards people of color that resulted in the Jim Crow Laws (PBS, 2016). Martin Luther King Jr. gave the â€Å"I have a dream† speech and explained how he saw the world through the eyes of an African American in 1963 that still echoes through the modern era. He was trying to persuade us to believe that a change of oppression towards blacks is achievable through no nviolence. A gunshot will challenge the peaceful speech for many followers. (Kagan, 1996)This rhetorical analysis will be covering the Kairos of Martin Luther King’s speech. Thesis: Despite Martin Luther King Jr.’s risk to life and arrests, he was willing to state â€Å"I have a Dream†, for all to hear because his main purpose was to create a peaceful unity between black and white Americans. The south would continue to subjective African Americans in the United States by enacting the â€Å"separate but equal† statusShow MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr.1468 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement is one of the greatest things in this world we are most grateful for. If we lived during the time of segregation it would have been a difficult time for us because anyone with a different skin tone would not have equal rights like the white Americans did. Furthermore, there were many people who did things to give people with co lor rights. Of these people was a pastor named Martin Luther King Jr. he contributed greatly to the field of Civil Rights movement with marchesRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement 597 Words   |  2 Pagestheir rights? People who did not let anything get in their way, no matter how tough times got? This place was American during the 1960s. Change in American was about to come and the people in American were going to make sure it happened. The 1960s was a time of determination, self-expression, and excitement. The 1960s came with many ups and downs. But there was many people in the 60s that made a change during that time and their legacy still has an affect on us today. People such as Martin LutherRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr.1174 Words   |  5 Pagesmemorable figure that revolutionized equally in the United States is Martin Luther King Jr. King was an activist leader during the Civil Rights Movement who nonviolently protested along with many of his followers, involving civil disobedience, peaceful symbolic protests and economic noncooperation. He used great and powerful speeches regarding racial discrimination and used other ways to fight back against inequality. For instance, King was arrested for nonviolently protesting in Birmingham when the cityRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr.1305 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement was a crucially essential and impactful part of American history. Since the beginning of the first c olonies, racism, segregation, and mistreatment has been present in our country. First coming to the new lands through the Triangular Trade, African Americans have suffered of a lack of humane rights. As they stood up for themselves, and other non-African American supporters with them, they lead to the unraveling of one of the longest successful trials that have been foughtRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr And The Civil Rights Movement1134 Words   |  5 PagesWhen we think of the Civil Rights Movement, we often think of the most prominent leaders like Martin Luther King Jr, Rosa Parks, and Malcolm X who’ve surely paved the way for the beginning of the movement. However many times we overlook the ones who aren’t talked about in the classrooms during Black History Month, or when we’re discussing the Civil Rights Movement. In response, I dedicate my paper on an African-American Organization to those who promoted the freedom and rights of Black Americans andRead More Martin Luther King Jr. : The Start Of The Civil Rights Movement1008 Words   |  5 PagesEssay The Civil Rights movement was a push to expand the rights of African Americans in the United States. It is widely known that Martin Luther King Jr. was the figurehead of this movement he got his start in the Montgomery bus boycotts as he organized and spoke on behalf of the African American community in Montgomery and worked closely with Rosa Parks and other civil rights activists. Although this is where the movement’s most prominent leader got his start, it should not be consideredRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.1168 Words   |  5 Pages Lundberg 36). In a London speech that Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered to the Christian Action Group on December 7, 1964, he discusses the positive gains that have been achieved by the civil rights movement. In this speech King provided his audience with several facts on how the people have came a long way from where they began and that the civil rights movement has made a great progress in its struggle for equal treatment under the law. In King s speech, he begins by claiming that they haveRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.1050 Words   |  5 PagesPerseverance The Civil Rights Movement was a critical time in the history of the United States of America. In this time of fighting, brutality, and injustice, leaders arose to fight for equality for all, one, in particular, was Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. King is well-renowned for believing in something and standing up for it, even though the repercussion of his actions resulted in serving time in jail. While he served his time in Birmingham, he wrote a lengthy letter to inspire and admonishRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement Essay3359 Words   |  14 PagesUnited States of America. But first we must ask ourselves, how did this occur? Who lead African Americans to better living standards? Civil rights leaders, such as Sojourner Truth, Harriet Tubman, and Rosa Parks, just to name a few. However, among these great names in history, there is one that stands out, and that man is Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Dr. King gave hope to those in need with his awe inspirin g sermons he performed at the church his grandfather founded. He changed foes to alliesRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversy.† (Famous civil-rights†¦) As Martin Luther King, Jr. said, the â€Å"measure† of a man comes not when things are going well, but when things are times are challenging. In the time of the Civil Rights movement, lots of African American people were measured by how they managed difficult situations. The Civil rights movement had many influential leaders and events. The overall importance of the movement was the profound impact it had on American life. The Civil Rights Movement had many important

Where to Find Satirical Essay Topics for High School

Where to Find Satirical Essay Topics for High School The History of Satirical Essay Topics for High School Refuted Choosing satirical topic writers should remember their paper ought to be critical. Don't neglect to bring a strong hook at the beginning (introduction paragraph) and wind up with an impressive conclusion to earn the reader want to go over the interesting persuasive essay topics of your pick. So, the best method to compose a wonderful persuasive essay is to discover a theme you're familiarized with and wish to share your experience with the reader. The very best satirical essays have a tendency to handle current events or world difficulties. Creating an outline is a significant portion of writing. While finding a means to develop an appropriate collection of satirical essay topics, you should concentrate on the important issues that were highlights of the calendar year 2018. As tempting as it might appear to skip past the extra info and go right to the list of persuasive essay topics, don't do it. Keep reading, and you'll understand how to get started writing efficiently, what topics to think about, how to format your text, and the way to end it using a powerful and witty statement. Everyone has an opinion about what's too short, what's too long, what's too low, what's too high, what's too tight, and what's too loose. A student ought to keep in contact with the hottest trends and know which persuasive essay topics are related to sound convincing in regards to defending personal opinions. A satirical essay may be brilliant method to emphasize the irony or hypocrisy in a scenario. A well written satirical essay cons titutes a variety of points raised using intricacies of diverse humor types, as a manner of producing an all-rounded argument about a particular individual or aspect associated with the world. The Little-Known Secrets to Satirical Essay Topics for High School You should provide preference to the one that you truly feel passionate about. Although some say no cost public transportation would assist the environment and cut back traffic, others think absolutely free public transportation is too costly, and the government can't afford to cover it. U.S. military officers need to carry out many different duties to fulfill their missions. When there's a topic which makes your blood boil, that might not be the very best subject to write about. Satirical Essay Topics for High School - Overview The school would need to live with the guilt of creating an innocent puppy lonely. Pretty soon, you're going to be informed enough to offer you a slyly humorous take. Some can believe that you'r e poking fun at important problems. It is not too tricky to grasp a great theme as you imagine it. While writing about dark occasions and events has for a long time been a common issue to do, you likewise don't wish to offend your audience. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's crucial to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the special area of study. Though people believe education is a correct and will make society, overall, a better place for everybody, others feel there's no real means to provide a free college education as colleges would still have to be funded (likely through tax dollars). Most students in the very same age brackets have a tendency to have many things in common and will try as much as they are able to in order to share ideas, both positive and negative. Our high school essay writing services are offered at very reasonable prices. Topics that are associated with the high school teaching methodology level shou ld concentrate on specific facets. As education is getting more essential and the degree of illiteracy is reducing due to technology and high demanding job markets, it isn't a guarantee that the American Education System is going to be exempted from facing a few of the challenges that come together with the increasing demands for it. Students therefore, need to be attentive when selecting a business from which they're receiving their school essay papers from. The Advantages of Satirical Essay Topics for High School Year round school isn't a good idea. Deciding on a topic is really the toughest challenge for major students. Studies have even proven that children that are physically active in school are more inclined to be physically active at home. Bad parenting was regarded as the best challenge which causes students to drop out. To produce the best choice, you should choose the topics with a superior awareness of humor or irony. All you have to do is to search for the hyp ocrisy or irony in a specific situation and you're prepared to start writing your academic paper. A satirical essay is not simple to write, with the challenge sprouting from building a cohesive argument with using satire as a literal device. Obviously, writing satire isn't straightforward. Obviously, satire essay topics can be difficult to think of. Very good satire essay topics are the ones which are able to boost your reader's interest. Who Else Wants to Learn About Satirical Essay Topics for High School? Every American should learn how to speak English. Students ought to be permitted to pray in school. They will never listen! Culture Many students are willing to create their own commentary on popular culture.

Negative Effects On Cellphones A Good Tool For Learning...

Negative Effects on Cellphones: If you are like me, then you always have your cell phone with you. Is this a good thing or a bad thing? Parents struggle everyday just to seek some attention from their kids, they also worry if their kids are making smart choices on their phones. Cell phones have become very beneficial in today’s life. However, it also causes a lack of social skills, inappropriate activity, and dangerous distractions. Primarily, some people would say that cell phones are a good tool for learning social skills, and that you can learn a lot from a variety of different kinds of people in a fast way. However, Cellphones cause a big lack of social skills. According†¦show more content†¦Next, cellphones cause a lot of inappropriate activity. This could be Identity theft, money theft, and kids abusing their cell phone privileges. Identity theft and money theft can happen through a phone call, a text message or even logging on to a Wi-Fi network. Now daysâ€⠄¢ people will give their information to pretty much anybody and they don’t realize how easy it is for somebody to take their belongings. People need to wake up, and protect their special numbers. Identity and credit card theft can ruin a person’s life, leaving them moneyless, and even in debt, and nobody wants a thief to have all their hard-working money. In today’s generation, every kid even at the minimum age of six that I’ve seen for myself has a phone. Kids have many opportunities to abuse cell phone usage. All some parents do is buy their child a phone and give it to them without even thinking about all the harmful aspects that could happen. Since pretty much every teen has a cell phone it is eventually going to cause some problems, according to Neil Marr, and Tim field: Mobile phones have become the new weapon of choice for bullies. With three-quarters of children now owning a mobile phone, the anonymity, sluggishness of telecommunications service providers, and the weakness of law provide bullies with the perfect means of taunting their target with little fear of being caught. Text messages provide completeShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Affects Human Life1549 Words   |  7 Pagesbelieve that technology has a negative impact because many people have become very dependent on it. Technology changes the way people feel, think, interact, and experience their reality. In my opinion, I agree with them. Technology has decreased the need for social interaction, changed people s behavior, and had harmful effects on people s health. Does technology have a negative impact to human s life? Yes, it does, because it has decreased the need for social interaction. Communication is theRead MoreDoes Technology Affect Our Way Of Life?1576 Words   |  7 Pagesdetermines the way we live our lives, has always been influenced by technology. People developed a language to better communicate and share ideas, tools were developed for better acquiring food, and developing better protection whether it be through construction or weaponry, and the development of vaccines and methods of production, increasing the availability of goods and services; has led to an increase in how long we live but, also how we live. From the industrial revolution and the development of theRead MoreEffects of Text Messaging Among Teens3461 Words   |  14 Pagesï » ¿Effects of Text Messaging Among Teenagers Introduction How often do/did you use your cellphone/smartphone as a teen? When I was a teen, I received my first cellphone at the age of 15. 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Tax Residency Position Statutes and Legislations

Question: Discuss about the Tax Residency Position for Statutes and Legislations. Answer: 1. Issue To find the tax residency position of the concerned taxpayer (Juliette) on the ground of tax ruling and appropriate tax legislations for the financial years FY2015 and FY2016. Law The tax residency position of the concerned taxpayer is primarily governed by section 6(1) of ITAA, 1936. In this scenario, there are different tests available which can be adopted in order to ascertain the tax residency position of the concerned taxpayer that are highlighted in the tax ruling 98/17 (ATO, 1998). Domicile test, Residency test, Superannuation test, 183 days test are the significant tests discussed in tax ruling 98/17, a brief discussion of these tests and there essential terms and conditions is shown below. Domicile test This test is imperative in such cases, when the prime objective is to ascertain the tax residency of those taxpayers who are possessing Australian domicile under Domicile Act 1982 but are residing on foreign territory due to the professional or/and personal liabilities. These obligations force the taxpayers to reside outside Australia. Another imperative factor in this regards is that the given taxpayer must continue to sustain a permanent resident within Australia while residing in abroad to fulfil his/her respective obligations (Woellner, 2014). According to the judgement of the Federal Commissioner of Taxation v Applegate case, any given taxpayer who has Australian domicile as per the Domicile Act 1982, but possess a permanent residence in foreign land would not be labelled as Australian tax resident for that financial year. There are certain aspects of domicile test described in tax ruling IT 2650, which are considerable by the Income Tax Commissioner in regards to determine the intent and place on behalf of the taxpayer for the permanent residence. Factors such as the length of residing in the foreign land along with intention on taxpayers behalf to settle in abroad are also considered while applying the domicile test especially with regards to determining the location of permanent abode (Barkoczy, 2013). Resides test It has been seen that reside has not been defined or explained in any statute to find the tax residency position of a given taxpayer. Hence, it is required to interpret such information from the primary sources i.e. various verdicts and judgements of the relevant cases which are argued on the basis of specific tax legislations and tax rulings in order to ascertain the tax residency status in Australia of the taxpayer. Some of the factors which can contribute to find the tax residency positions under resides test are outlined below (Gilders et. al., 2014). Location of permanent residence place Number of visits made to country of origin or to abroad Reason and frequency to visit on foreign territory with special consideration to the country of origin Nature of professional, social and personal ties of taxpayer with Australia Number of fixed capital asset owned by the taxpayer in Australia which provides an indication towards the intent on behalf of the taxpayer to reside in Australia on constant basis. Also, driving of large number of fixed asset in Australia will also provide the commitment of taxpayer to make Australia as a permanent abode place. This can be viewed in the verdict of The Commissioners of Inland Revenue v. F L Brown (1926) 11 TC 292 case (Coleman, 2011). Involvements of the taxpayer in personal, educational or professional bonds with Australia provide an efficient factor to define the future plan or activity of residing in Australia. 183 day test As per tax ruling TR 98/17, there are two basic conditions that must be fulfilled in regards to satisfy the 183 day test (CCH, 2012). The taxpayer must have stayed in Australian territory for a minimum of 183 days in the given financial year. The continuity of stay is not required in the calculation of total number of days in a complete income year. There must not be any suspicion on the part of Income Tax Commissioner with respect to the intention on behalf of the taxpayer to reside in Australia on permanent basis. If the concerned taxpayer does not fulfil any of the above terms and conditions, then he/she does not pass the 183 day residency test. Therefore, the person cannot be recognised as an Australian tax resident. Superannuation test This test is very specific in nature and examines the tax residency status for officers who are working for Australian government and posted on foreign territory by Federal government in order to satisfy the job obligations. It is also needed that the taxpayer must have contributed in any of the two government superannuation schemes named as Public Sector Superannuation Scheme or Commonwealth Superannuation Scheme. If the concerned taxpayer has satisfied the condition of superannuation test, then any other test is not required to determine the tax residency status of that individual (Deutsch et. al., 2016). Application Case facts: England is the country of origin of the given taxpayer Juliette, who was famous for her dance and choreography. A USA based musical company had enacted an employment agreement with Juliette to do choreography for the new musical event, which was to be held in Australia. The duration of the contract is 24 months from March 15, 2015 and will terminate on March 15, 2017. Juliette had expected to receive the contractual amount of AUD$70,000 on her Swiss bank account after an interval of six months. Her job obligation was supposed to begin from March, 2015 but she arrived in February, 2015 in order to make a bus tour visit around Australia. In the same month of February, she had to go back to her country of origin to take care of her ill mother. She came back to Australia to join her job on May 1, 2015. With regards to residing in Australia, she had leased a flat located in Sydney and eventually she owned a personal flat in August 2015. She was attracted towards her co-choreographer Romeo and eventually got wedded with him on September 1, 2015. She had begun to live with Romeo in her owned flat. However, her mother fell serious ill and needed whole time care, thus Juliette went back to England on October 15, 2015 but maintained constant touch with Romeo through phone. Also, she kept on passing choreography notes to Romeo so that the employer does not suffer on account of her absence. Her mother passed away on April 10, 2016, and finally Juliette returned back to Australia on April 15, 2016. Test Tax residency status of Juliette for financial year 2015-2016 Test 1 (Domicile test) Not applicable as Juliette did not have Australian domicile in accordance with the Domicile Act 1982. Test 2 (Resides test) The purpose of visit to Australia is due to the employment contractual obligations which was started from 15 March 2015. But she had to leave Australia and revisited to her native country England, because of un-well status of her mother. From the given information it was concluded that she had stayed in Australia only for shorter period of three month in a financial year. This duration of stay was insufficient to predict the intent on the part of Juliette to make Australia as a permanent residential place. She had not maintained any personal tie during this time. Also, Juliette did not own any fixed capital asset in Australia in this time period. These factors provide a conclusion that Juliette had not fulfilled the obligations of resides test. Test 3 (183 day test) Juliette did not pass the terms and condition of this test because, she did not reside in Australian territory for 183 days in this particular financial year and another fact is that she had no motive to stay in Australia for long in near future, thus test also failed. Test 4 (Superannuation test) - Not applicable, Juliette was not Australian government officer, who was residing in abode due to employment obligation. Overall View for 2014-2015 financial year Domicile test Not satisfied Resides tests Not satisfied 183 day test Not satisfied Superannuation test Not satisfied Test Tax residency status of Juliette for financial year 2015-2016 Test 1 (Domicile test) Not applicable, Juliette does not have Australian domicile. Test 2 (Resides test) The application of the test can be viewed on the basis of the below mentioned outline She had formed a personal relation in this time period by getting married with her colleague Romeo in Australia. Professional relation with Australia due to the commitment of job obligations, it can be observed from the evidences that she was actively fulfilling her job responsibilities when she was residing in England in order to take care of her sick mother. She kept providing choreography notes to her husband Romeo, which was an essential part of her service towards the company. She also insured that there would not be any kind of choreography work loss in regards of her absence in Australia. She was having a strong intent to make a permanent residence within Australia. Her stay in England was not out of intent but more out of obligation towards her ailing mother who required 24 hour care. Test 3 (183 day test) - Juliette satisfied the terms of 183 day test as the length of residing in Australia for the financial year 2015-2016 comes out exactly equal to 183 day. This is exactly the same number of days, which is necessary to satisfy the 183 days test. Number of day calculation based on the given information Total number of days resides in Australia = number of days resides in Australia in between (1st July, 2016 to 15th October, 2016) + number of days resides in Australia in between (15th April, 2016 to June 30, 2016) = 183 days Therefore, from above calculations, it can be finalized that Juliette had stayed in Australia for 183 days in the financial year 2015-2016, and also had the intention of Juliette to reside for long terms in Australia indicated by the presence of owned residence and Romoe. Test 4 (Superannuation test) - Not applicable as Juliette is not Australian government officer. Overall View for 2015-2016 financial year Domicile test Not satisfied Resides tests Satisfied 183 day test Satisfied Superannuation test Not satisfied Conclusion Based on the case analysis and above mentioned arguments with respect to the relevant law and legislation, it is evident that Juliette is termed as tax resident in Australia for 2015-2016 as she had successfully fulfilled the terms and conditions of 183 day test and residency test in accordance to tax ruling 98/17. She is not recognised as a tax resident in Australia for the financial year duration of 2014-2015 because she has not fulfilled the requisite set of terms and conditions of any of the tax residency tests highlighted in the tax ruling TR 98/17. 2.The given case requires computation of the rental income for Georges property that is rented from the time of purchase only. The taxation rules allow for various expenses that are incurred to be deducted from the rental income received so as to arrive at the portion of the income that would be taxable (Deutsch et. al., 2016). The various deductible expenses are highlighted below (ATO, 2015). Repairs and maintenance of damage caused due to general wear and tear and due to damage in storm or any other natural calamity. Decline in value of the depreciable assets present on the rented property Any capital works aimed for improvement of property life Expenses related to management of property In wake of the above, the income statement of Georges rented property is shown below. Calculations Management Commission = (5/100)*13900 = $ 695 Roof Top capital deduction = (2.5/100)*15000 = $ 375 The depreciation expense taken into consideration in the above rental income statement has been computed in the manner shown below (Gilders et. al., 2014). The various terms mentioned in the rental income statement have been offered an explanation in the given section as outlined below. Deductions on expenses incurred on repairs of damages caused on account of wear and tear and due to natural calamity is permissible. However, it is imperative that wear and tear related repairs and maintenance are immediately deductible only if the property is rented as per TR 97/23. Thus, in the given case, expenses incurred on general repair and maintenance, fence repainting towards the front side, damaged front door repairing would all comprise as deductible expenses as the property has been rented from the time it was purchased by George (Deutsch et. al., 2016). Besides, any expenses that relate to property management are deductible as per ITAA 1997 provisions and therefore the 5% management commission would also be deducted from the rent to arrive at the taxable rent income (ATO, 2015). The fibre roof has been damaged but instead of being fixed, the owner has replaced the roof with a new roof made of different material which is long lasting and hence would add to the effective life of the property. In case of the roof being repaired, the expenses would have contributed to repair and maintenance but here the expense amounts to capital work and typical deduction for such expenses in @ 2.5% per annum which continues for 40 years (ATO, 2015). There is decline in the value of the assets that are installed on the property on rent and using the prime method, depreciation has been computed and this contributes to the expenses that may be deductible (ATO, 2016). References Statutes and Legislations Income Tax Assessment Act, ITAA, 1936 Income Tax Assessment Act, ITAA, 1997 Case Laws Federal Commissioner of Taxation v Applegate case The Commissioners of Inland Revenue v. F L Brown (1926) 11 TC 292 Tax Rulings Taxation Ruling TR 97/23 Taxation Ruling TR 98/17 Income tax ruling IT 2650 Websites ATO (1998), Taxation Ruling TR 98/17. Retrieved on August 31, 2016 from https://law.ato.gov.au/atolaw/view.htm?Docid=TXR/TR9817/NAT/ATO/00001 ATO (2015), Rental Properties 2015, Retrieved on August 31, 2016 from https://www.ato.gov.au/uploadedFiles/Content/MEI/downloads/Rental-properties-2015.pdf ATO (2016), Rental Property Expenses, Retrieved on August 31, 2016 from https://www.ato.gov.au/Individuals/Income-and-deductions/In-detail/Investments,-including-rental-properties/Rental-property-expenses/ Books Barkoczy,S. (2013), Foundation of Taxation Law 2013,North Ryde: CCH Publications, CCH (2012), Australian Master Tax Guide 2012, Sydney: CCH Australia Limited Coleman, C. (2011), Australian Tax Analysis, Sydney: Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia, Deutsch, R., Freizer, M., Fullerton, I., Hanley, P. and Snape, T. (2016), Australian tax handbook, Pymont: Thomson Reuters Gilders, F., Taylor, J., Walpole, M., Burton, M. and Ciro, T. (2014), Understanding taxation law 2014, LexisNexis/Butterworths. Woellner, R. (2014), Australian taxation law 2014, North Ryde: CCH Australia